Daniel Kunzi

Tribunal fédéral.

Ainsi donc le Tribunal fédéral a jugé mon recours contre l’Etat de Genève qui octroie quelques millions à Cinéforom, cette institution cinématographique ne garantit pas formellement un accès au juge en cas de refus d’une subvention. Nous contestions une loi datant de 2013 visant un financement triennal.

D’entrée de jeux un juge romand, observe que le TF ne doit pas entrer en matière puisque la loi a pris fin le 31 décembre à minuit en l’an 2016. Et que la longueur de notre argumentation est trop longue et responsable des trois ans écoulés entre notre recours et son jugement !? Il ajoute qu’il est par exemple illisible « écrit en petit caractère » ! On aurait pu espérer que ce juge, payé au bas mot un quart de million par année, s’achète des lunettes. Donc refus de discuter du fond de la question. Un juge suisse alémanique lui fait remarquer que le texte est peut-être difficile à lire, mais que le problème est évident. Une entité publique ne peut pas donner des millions à une fondation privée sans qu’elle ne garantisse des voies de droit en cas de refus d’une subvention.

Après 90 minutes de palabres et une interruption, l’entrée en matière est enfin acceptée.

On entendra ce curieux argument, toujours de la bouche d’une romande : où allons-nous si nous donnons des voies légales de recours à tous les bénéficiaires de subventions privées. Citant au passage les statuts de Cinéforom dont le financement est public, mais peut aussi récolter des dons. Ce juge n’a pas remarqué que Cinéforom n’avait jamais reçu de dons privés. Du reste en deux click elle aurait pu le vérifier, mais le tribunal est précisément situé à la rue Mon Repos et pas Mon Travail. On a aussi entendu : « On ne va pas changer la jurisprudence du TF pour le cinéma » !?

Je lis dans la presse du jour qu’en France les réalisatrices ne reçoivent que le 42% du salaire de leurs homologues masculins, à Cinéforom elles ne reçoivent que la moitié moins (Rapport d’activité 2016). Quel progrès. Si elles veulent contester cette discrimination auprès des tribunaux, je leur souhaite bonne chance, car la voie juridique indiquée par le président du TF pour faire valoir leurs droits est digne d’un chemin de croix, et dans un labyrinthe ! C’est par trois voix contre deux, après plus de trois heures de délibérations que le TF a rejeté notre plainte, il s’en est fallu d’un cheveu !

http://www.bger.ch/fr/press-news-2c_684_2015-t.pdf

guerres d’Indochine (1946-1954) et d’Algérie (1954-1962)

Les Suisses sont plus connus pour leurs «humanitaires » que leurs militaires. Plus de 3 000 Suisses se sont engagés dans la Légion étrangère française au cours des guerres d’Indochine et d’Algérie. Issus de milieux défavorisés, ils fuyaient la misère, leur pays ne leur offrait aucun avenir. Ils étaient le fer de lance de l’armée coloniale française. Aujourd’hui, ils parlent de leur vie de légionnaire, de leurs formateurs (souvent d’anciens SS). Ils décrivent ce qu’est la guerre avec son cortège de massacres, d’exécutions sommaires et de tortures.

Ces Suisses préfigurent les mercenaires employés aux quatre coins du globe dans des armées privées : Irak, Libye, etc.
Un film historique qui évoque le futur !

Durée 65 minutes 2012 -Scénario Gilles Perrault, réalisation Daniel
Künzi. Conseiller historique : Peter HUBER Translation: Mary Honderich

Cyber terrorism, reality and fiction

On one hand, the military says that one must not mistake the sound of a drum for that of a canon, on the other hand, those who have read Clausewitz won’t forget his remark: strategies are always one behind on a war.

Throughout my film work, I have looked into the First World War, the Spanish Civil War, the Second World War, the war in Indochina, then the one in Algeria, etc. Having directed interviews with eyewitnesses of these periods, I have been able to develop my own precise idea about the thing that is called « terror ». Here is an example taken from my next film that deals with Swiss mercenaries fighting in the French Foreign Legion, hired to do the « dirty work »

Extract: Schupbach’s testimony

1) We were the ones that did the massacre with the FLN. They had an enormous number of dead. We had a massacre as well.

Extract: Werner Beutler’s testimony:

2) We could hear them. “The Legion, let’s get out of here.“ They knew we were hard. We rarely took any prisoners. Some of them lifted up their arms “Vive de Gaulle, vive la France. “ We pulled the trigger. That was the end of it.

Extract: Schupbach’s testimony

3) It was very rare for an Arab to talk. You could torture them any way you wanted. For example the bath torture there was a big guy. They dunked his head in the water and counted one…twothree..four..five and then they lifted his head out of the water. The next time they counted until ten. The time after it was 30 seconds, then one minute. For me this was pure sadism.

Terror was everywhere in Algeria. During this conflict between 1954 and 1962, a quarter of a million Algerian lost their lives while the French lost ten times less. These eyewitness testimonies allow us to understand what terror is, in the same way as Pablo Picasso’ painting Guernica or Arnold Schoenberg’s music. A survivor from Warsaw. It is important not to confuse fear with terror.

We are close to Greece, a civilization that gave birth and nourished our philosophy. I think it would be useful to return to Plato and to the famous dialogue between Socrates and Meno. This can help us from getting lost when we speak about cyber terrorism. For the problem is to truly understand the meaning of this word.

In his dialogue with Meno, Socrates asks an essential question : how can we do research on an object when we don’t know what it is ? This is what is called Meno’s paradox and the final conclusion of this paradox is this: how can we know when our research is over when at the beginning we don’t know what exactly we are looking for?

If my understanding of the meaning of the word « cyber » as well as the meaning of the word « terrorism » is correct, then I must admit that their connection creates many difficulties for me. In the last ten years, the word « terrorism » has been adapted to any type of situation. To the point that an immanent Palestinian leader, Yasser Arafat, qualified in the past as a terrorist by the United States and by Israel, receives the Nobel Peace Prize. In the same way as Menahem Begin, who organized the terrorist attack on the King David Hotel in Palestine.

I have tried to find a convincing definition of cyber terrorism, but I have yet to find one. Certainly you will be able to help me out. For example, one often hears about attacks on Internet. But in my opinion, this is a case of malicious intent, a variant of the war on information, « intox » that appears during any war. But we are very far away from the devastating consequences of NATO’s bombing of Libyan television or the bombing of Serbian TV. I visited it’s building in Belgrade a few years ago. It was still destroyed, a monument to the 16 victims of the bombing.

Continuing my research, I tried to learn if there had previously been cyber terrorist attacks that had made as many victims as seen in the testimonies quoted above. : torture, massacre, etc. I found none. That does not exclude the possibility that tomorrow a group of terrorists, with the help of a « hacker » could take control of a nuclear reactor or say nuclear missiles in order to direct them towards cities that have been targeted.

In such a case, there is ways to prevent such an attack. The means exist and they are right there. In fact there is no doubt about the illegality of the nuclear bomb. The 1907 Hague Convention (articles 25 and 27, completed by article 24 of the 1923 Convention) forbids indiscriminate bombings of civilian populations. There are many other resolutions of the same kind, such as the criminal nature of the use of the nuclear bomb (the UN resolution 1653 XVI of Nov.24th 1961).

The conclusion is obvious. It is not a few potential cyber terrorists who are the problem. The real problem stems from a world that has been developed with total disregard for humanity as well as the respect for international legal norms, means that allow terror to be imagined on an apocalyptic scale.

Daniel Künzi
Geneva/Cyprus october 2011